When discussing the different branches of Christianity, it is important to understand that Protestantism is just one of the three major divisions within the faith. The other two branches are Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodox Christianity. In this article, we will explore these branches in detail and identify which one is not considered Protestant.
What is Protestantism?
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that originated in the 16th century as a result of the Protestant Reformation. It was led by reformers such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Ulrich Zwingli, who sought to challenge certain practices and teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. Protestants emphasize the authority of the Bible and the idea of salvation through faith alone.
However, when it comes to identifying the branch of Christianity that is not Protestant, we must look to Roman Catholicism. Roman Catholicism is the oldest and largest branch of Christianity and has its own distinct beliefs and practices that set it apart from Protestantism.
Roman Catholicism
Roman Catholicism is characterized by its hierarchical structure, with the Pope serving as the spiritual leader and head of the Church. The Catholic Church places a strong emphasis on sacraments, liturgical worship, and the veneration of saints. The Pope is believed to be the successor of Peter, one of Jesus’ disciples, and has authority over matters of doctrine and teaching.
Among the key differences between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism are the views on the role of Mary, the mother of Jesus, and the belief in the doctrine of transubstantiation, which states that the bread and wine used in the Eucharist become the body and blood of Christ.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Eastern Orthodox Christianity is another branch that is not considered Protestant. It originated in the eastern part of the Roman Empire and is characterized by its rich liturgical traditions, elaborate use of icons, and the concept of theosis, which teaches that humans can experience a union with God’s divine nature.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity is divided into various autocephalous (self-governing) churches, each with its own patriarch or metropolitan. It places a strong emphasis on apostolic succession, which is the belief that bishops are the successors of the original apostles. The Eastern Orthodox Church also places a great deal of importance on mysticism and contemplative prayer.
Oriental Orthodox Churches
The Oriental Orthodox Churches, which include the Coptic Orthodox Church, the Syrian Orthodox Church, and the Armenian Apostolic Church, are yet another branch that is not Protestant. These churches separated from the Eastern Orthodox Church in the 5th century due to disagreements over the Council of Chalcedon.
The Oriental Orthodox Churches have their own unique Christological perspectives and emphasize the unity of Christ’s divinity and humanity. They have distinct liturgical practices and contribute to the diversity of the Christian faith.
Non-Chalcedonian Christianity
Lastly, we have Non-Chalcedonian Christianity, which includes churches such as the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. This branch rejects the Council of Chalcedon, which took place in 451 AD and defined the orthodox Christian understanding of the nature of Christ.
Non-Chalcedonian Christianity places a strong emphasis on monasticism and spiritual practices. It has had a significant influence on the development of Christianity, particularly in Africa and the Middle East.
Conclusion
In summary, when we consider the different branches of Christianity, it is evident that Protestantism is just one of the three major divisions. The branch of Christianity that is not considered Protestant is Roman Catholicism. Alongside Roman Catholicism, we have Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Oriental Orthodox Churches, and Non-Chalcedonian Christianity, each with its own unique beliefs, practices, and contributions to the Christian faith. Understanding the diversity within Christianity helps us appreciate the rich tapestry of beliefs and traditions that exist within the broader Christian community.
